How Do Underrepresented Voters View Electoral System Trade-Offs?

Don Lee and I have a new, open-access article out in Electoral Studies!

Abstract

Scholars of electoral reform have long debated the trade-off between accountability and representation in majoritarian versus proportional systems, yet few have examined how voters themselves view this trade-off. We argue that voters who have historically lacked political voice, such as women and young people, are more likely to favor reforms that expand representation, even at some cost to accountability. We test this argument using a conjoint experiment conducted before South Korea’s 2020 election—a moment marked by intense public debate over whether the government should implement electoral reforms to enhance representation or accountability. Our findings show that while women and younger voters lean toward more representative rules, they also value accountability and resist certain reforms that would weaken it. This preference for representation is stronger when considering major electoral system changes rather than minor rule adjustments and is especially pronounced among independent or minor party supporters compared to major party supporters. These insights have important implications for our understanding of electoral reform, voter preferences, and the political inclusion of underrepresented groups.

 

Young Mayors of Japan Award

Congratulations to Mayor Hiroto Fujii on being the inaugural recipient of the U.S.-Japan Foundation Young Mayors of Japan Award—recognizing Japan’s next generation of local leaders.

I was honored to serve on the selection committee alongside Lin Kobayashi and Chiba Governor Toshihito Kumagai.

At the award ceremony in Tokyo, I spoke about my book project and joined a discussion with Lin Kobayashi and Mayor Fujii on the future of local governance.

 

APSA 2025 (Vancouver): Elected by Lottery

At APSA 2025 in Vancouver, Kentaro Fukumoto and I presented a new paper. In Japanese municipal assembly elections, ties sometimes occur; in such cases, the winner is determined by lottery. We show that the incumbency effects estimated from lottery elections are different from those estimated by RDD. We’re looking forward to sharing a working paper soon!

 

APSA 2025 (Short Course): When Elders Rule

At APSA 2025 in Vancouver, I presented new work with Aksel Sundstrom and Daniel Stockemer as part of the short course on Young Elected Leaders: Perspectives on Age and Elected Leaders. We find evidence that boosting youth representation can increase perceptions of fairness, decision quality, and trust in democratic institutions. An earlier draft of our manuscript is available online, but we’re looking forward to sharing the updated paper soon!

 

Selective Development Goals

Paul Christensen, Cindi SturtzSreetharan, Charles Crabtree, and I have a new article out in Social Science Japan Journal.

Abstract

In this article, we consider how efforts by the Japanese government and private sector to make the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) prominent and pervasive reveal obfuscation around issues and concerns purportedly being addressed. We examine three specific components of the SDGs: no poverty, zero hunger, and gender equality. In doing so, we demonstrate a disjuncture between official proclamations endorsing an SDG agenda and ethnographic observations that illustrate the hollowness of these efforts. We argue that the SDGs, a repository of lofty and aspirational goals, many of which are arguably necessary for planetary health and collective well-being, are used by the Japanese government as an instrument of techno-political effect to obscure root causes of persistent societal issues. The result of which nurtures and perhaps sustains insufficient social, political, and structural changes throughout Japan.

 

Ambassador's Residence: Honoring Sheila Smith

A truly special evening at the residence of Japanese Ambassador to the United States Shigeo Yamada, honoring Sheila Smith and her conferral of the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star, for her decades of contributions to the U.S.-Japan Relationship. I’m so grateful to Sheila for being such a generous and inspiring mentor over the years.